Источник: https://wikiway.com/russia/beringovo-more/map/

History[edit]

Most scientists believe that during the most recent ice age, sea level was low enough to allow humans to migrate east on foot from Asia to North America across what is now the Bering Strait. Other animals including megafauna migrated in both directions. This is commonly referred to as the “Bering land bridge” and is believed by most, though not all scientists, to be the first point of entry of humans into the Americas.

There is a small portion of the Kula Plate in the Bering Sea. The Kula Plate is an ancient tectonic plate that used to subduct under Alaska.[9]

On 18 December 2018, a large meteor exploded above the Bering Sea. The space rock exploded with 10 times the energy released by the Hiroshima atomic bomb.[10]

Источник: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Sea

Geography[edit]

Bering Sea showing the larger of the submarine canyons that cut the margin

Extent[edit]

The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Bering Sea as follows:[11]

On the North. The Southern limit of the Chuckchi Sea [sic] [The Arctic Circle between Siberia and Alaska].On the South. A line running from Kabuch Point (54°48′N 163°21′W / 54.800°N 163.350°W / 54.800; -163.350) in the Alaskan Peninsula, through the Aleutian Islands to the South extremes of the Komandorski Islands and on to Cape Kamchatka in such a way that all the narrow waters between Alaska and Kamchatka are included in the Bering Sea.

Islands[edit]

Islands of the Bering Sea include:

• Pribilof Islands, including St. Paul Island
• Komandorski Islands, including Bering Island
• St. Lawrence Island
• Diomede Islands
• King Island
• St. Matthew Island
• Karaginsky Island
• Nunivak Island[12]
• Sledge Island[13]
• Hagemeister Island[14]

Regions[edit]

Regions of the Bering Sea include:

• Bering Strait
• Bristol Bay
• Gulf of Anadyr
• Norton Sound

The Bering Sea contains 16 submarine canyons including the largest submarine canyon in the world, Zhemchug Canyon.

The Russian “Rurik” sets anchor near

Saint Paul Island

in the Bering sea in order to load food and equipment for the expedition to the Chukchi sea in the north. Drawing by

Louis Choris

in 1817.

Walrus (

Odobenus rosmarus divergens

), hauled out on Bering Sea ice, Alaska, June 1978. (Source: NOAA)

Snailfish

, a non-commercial fish, caught in the eastern Bering Sea

Aerial view of Tutakoke Bird Camp on the coast of the Bering Sea, south of

Hooper Bay

Источник: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Sea

Впадающие реки

В Берингово море впадают около 120 рек, 2 из которых являются наиболее крупными:

1. Анадырь. Река находится в Чукотском Автономном округе. Длина водоема – 1150 км, площадь – 191 000. Самое крупное озеро бассейна – Красное, названо из-за бурой расцветки грунта. В периоды разливов, вода затопляет территорию на 20 км от главного русла, что объясняет отсутствие населенных пунктов в непосредственной близости.
   
2. Юкон. Истоком «Великой реки» является озеро Атлин (Канада), недалеко от города Форт-Юкон (США), она впадает в залив Нортон Берингова моря. Площадь бассейна составляет 854 428 кв. км, длина – 3187 км. В 1896 г. в его районе было обнаружено золото, что стало причиной наплыва искателей данного металла, в конце XIX столетия запасы иссякли.

Источник: https://touristam.com/beringovo-more-na-karte-mira.html

Ecosystem[edit]

The Bering Sea shelf break is the dominant driver of primary productivity in the Bering Sea.[15] This zone, where the shallower continental shelf drops off into the North Aleutians Basin is also known as the “Greenbelt”. Nutrient upwelling from the cold waters of the Aleutian basin flowing up the slope and mixing with shallower waters of the shelf provide for constant production of phytoplankton.

The second driver of productivity in the Bering Sea is seasonal sea ice that, in part, triggers the spring phytoplankton bloom. Seasonal melting of sea ice causes an influx of lower salinity water into the middle and other shelf areas, causing stratification and hydrographic effects which influence productivity.[16] In addition to the hydrographic and productivity influence of melting sea ice, the ice itself also provides an attachment substrate for the growth of algae as well as interstitial ice algae.[citation needed]

Some evidence suggests that great changes to the Bering Sea ecosystem have already occurred. Warm water conditions in the summer of 1997 resulted in a massive bloom of low energy coccolithophorid phytoplankton (Stockwell et al. 2001). A long record of carbon isotopes, which is reflective of primary production trends of the Bering Sea, exists from historical samples of bowhead whale baleen.[17] Trends in carbon isotope ratios in whale baleen samples suggest that a 30–40% decline in average seasonal primary productivity has occurred over the last 50 years.[17] The implication is that the carrying capacity of the Bering Sea is much lower now than it has been in the past.

Источник: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Sea

Течения в море

Постоянные течения в море образуются под воздействием приливов, ветров и притока вод с проливов Алеутской цепи. Основной поток проходит на долготе 170°, он огибает Крысий хребет, после чего направляется на восток, образуя циркуляцию над впадиной водоема.

На севере моря он расходится по двум направлениям: в сторону Берингова пролива и вдоль побережья Камчатки. К поверхностным течениям относятся: Куросио (-1,7 °С) и Камчатское (1,7 °С).

Источник: https://touristam.com/beringovo-more-na-karte-mira.html

Рельеф дна[править | править код]

Дно моря разделено на две почти равные части – юго-западная глубоководная и северо-восточная мелководная (см. Берингия), расположенной на шельфе протяжённостью более 700 км, и юго-западной, глубоководной, с глубинами до 4 км[1]. Условно эти зоны разделяются по изобате 200 метров. Переход от шельфа к океанскому ложу проходит по крутому материковому склону. Максимальная глубина моря (4151 метр) зафиксирована в точке с координатами — 54° с. ш. 171° з. д.HGЯOL на юге моря.

Глубоководная часть Берингова моря разделена подводными хребтами Ширшова и Бауэрса на 3 котловины: Алеутскую, или Центральную, Бауэрс и Командорскую[7].

Дно моря покрыто терригенными осадками — песком, гравием, ракушечник в шельфовой зоне и диатомовым илом серого или зелёного цвета в глубоководных местах.

Источник: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5

Biodiversity[edit]

The sea supports many whale species including the beluga, humpback whale, bowhead whale, gray whale and blue whale, the vulnerable sperm whale, and the endangered fin whale, sei whale and the rarest in the world, the North Pacific right whale. Other marine mammals include walrus, Steller sea lion, northern fur seal, orca and polar bear.[18][19]

The Bering Sea is very important to the seabirds of the world. Over 30 species of seabirds and approximately 20 million individuals breed in the Bering Sea region.[citation needed] Seabird species include tufted puffins, the endangered short-tailed albatross, spectacled eider, and red-legged kittiwakes.[20][21] Many of these species are unique to the area, which provides highly productive foraging habitat, particularly along the shelf edge and in other nutrient-rich upwelling regions, such as the Pribilof, Zhemchug, and Pervenets canyons. The Bering Sea is also home to colonies of crested auklets, with upwards of a million individuals.[citation needed]

Two Bering Sea species, the Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) and spectacled cormorant (Phalacrocorax perspicillatus), are extinct because of overexploitation by man. In addition, a small subspecies of Canada goose, the Bering Canada goose (Branta canadensis asiatica) is extinct due to overhunting and the introduction of rats to their breeding islands.

The Bering Sea supports many species of fish, some of which support large and valuable commercial fisheries. Commercial fish species include Pacific cod, several species of flatfish, sablefish, Pacific salmon, and Pacific herring. Shellfish include red king crab and snow crab.[22]

Fish biodiversity is high, and at least 419 species of fish have been reported from the Bering Sea.

Источник: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Sea

Координаты Берингова моря

Широта: 58.63, Долгота: -177.5

Эта страница в последний раз была отредактирована 19 мая 2019 в 20:13.

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